Rheumatoid arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks tissues in the joint.This can affect all joints in the body, including the back. Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is the gradual degradation of cartilage and bone in a joint, causing inflammation.Many forms of arthritis can affect the joints in the back, causing pain. This could involve spinal fusion, a procedure that secures the spine. If the injury causes severe symptoms, the doctor may recommend surgery. Some people also benefit from physical therapy and a brace to support the back during physical activity. Resting the back and taking NSAIDs can usually help with low-grade stress fractures. Other symptomsĪ person may also experience pain in the buttocks and thighs, as well as pain that gets worse with activity. Spondylolysis is a stress fracture in a spinal vertebra that often occurs in younger athletes, such as those who play football or do gymnastics.Ī person with spondylolysis may have difficulty maintaining a straight, upright posture, and the medical term for this is spondylolisthesis. Nonsurgical treatments include applying ice and heat, movement, and gentle stretching exercises to relieve inflammation. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons estimates that sciatica goes away without surgery in 80–90% of people with the condition. TreatmentsĪ person may require surgery to remove the part of the disk pressing on the nerve, though this is rare. If someone has sciatica-like symptoms and loses control of their bowel or bladder, they should seek medical attention immediately. Sciatica can also limit the range of motion in one or both legs. If the disk presses on the sciatic nerve in the lower spine, it can cause sensations of pressure, burning, or severe pain that travels from the lower back down one or both legs. Sciatica is a condition that can result from a herniated disk. If symptoms are severe, the doctor may recommend surgical intervention. Some people find relief from steroid injections in the space around the nerve, as these can relieve inflammation. Resting the back and taking NSAIDs usually helps. If this occurs, seek treatment immediately, as incontinence may result from a serious underlying condition. Rarely, a person with these symptoms loses control of their bowel or bladder functions. Other symptomsĪ herniated disk can lead to weakness in one leg and numbness in the legs and lower back. Usually, this results from aging-related changes that cause the disks to degenerate, making it easier for them to shift. Herniated diskĭisks between vertebrae act as shock absorbers and help stabilize the lower back.Ī herniated disk slips out of place and puts extra pressure on the surrounding nerves. Physical therapy exercises can strengthen the back and help prevent further injuries. Massage, applying ice and heat, and using electrical muscle stimulation therapies may also help. Some over-the-counter (OTC) options include ibuprofen and naproxen. Resting the back for 1–3 days can help reduce muscle pain, as can taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs). Stiffness in the lower back, muscle spasms, difficulty maintaining an upright posture, and a limited range of motion can all indicate a lower back strain. People commonly use the term ‘back strain’ as an umbrella term for muscular injury around the spine. Bending can put significant pressure on the lower back, causing the muscles and ligaments to stretch excessively.ĭamage to muscles surrounding the spine can also cause inflammation, leading to muscle spasms. Injury to the ligaments and supportive muscles around the spine can cause back pain both during movement and at rest. Some causes of lower back pain when bending include: Back muscle injury Share on Pinterest Maki Nakamura/Getty Images
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